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Language isolate, the only remnant of the languages spoken in southwestern Europe
before the region was Romanized. The Basque language is currently used in a narrow
area of approximately 10,000 square kilometres (3,900 square miles) in Spain and France.
The number of Basque-speaking persons outside that territory, in Europe and in the
Americas, however, is far from insignificant. In Spain the Basque-speaking region
comprises the province of Guipúzcoa, parts of Vizcaya
and Navarra, and a corner of Álava, and in France the
western region of the département of Pyrénées-Atlantiques. Although
few statistics are available, the number of speakers, who are largely bilingual, might be
judiciously estimated at 1,000,000. Most of them live in the highly industrialized Spanish
part of the Basque country. The Basques have derived their name,
Euskaldunak, from Euskara, the native word for their language. According to the
classification of the 19th-century philologist Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte, there are
eight modern dialects of Basque. Dialectal division is not strong enough to mask
the common origin or to preclude mutual understanding. Basque attained official
status for a short period (1936-37) during the Spanish Civil War, under Basque
autonomous government. In 1978, Basque and Castilian Spanish became the official
languages of the autonomous Basque Country, which includes Guipúzcoa, Vizcaya, and
Álava provinces of Spain.
Basque sample
The sample is from a twenty-three year-old male native speaker from Mutriku, on
the coast of Gipuzkoa (on the Spanish side of the Basque Country).
Spoken sample (148 k):
Transcription: Ba bueno, Eugeniok eskatu dit hemen zeozer esateko euskera
mutrikoarrez. Eta bueno ba, ja(da ) denbora ia asko ez zait neri geratzen, ba besterik ez.
Eskuminak denori Aberdeenetik eta hurrengorarte.
English Translation: Well, Eugenio has asked me to say here something in
(the) Basque (dialect) from Mutriku. And, well, I do not have much time left now, so
that's it. Greetings from Aberdeen, see you. |
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